Spanish Coins

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Spanish Colonial Silver Reales Coin Types

Throughout the year we are frequently asked to help in the identification of old coins presumed to be of Spanish origin. Since Spanish colonial mints existed in the New World long before those of the United States, their currency was an accepted standard and freely passed hands in the American colonies. Thus, it is not unreasonable to assume that a coin excavated on American soil or recovered from our surrounding waterways to be of Spanish origin.

Twelve Spanish colonial mints, Mexico, Santo Domingo, Lima, La Plata, Potosi, Panama, Cartegena, Bogotá, Cuzco, Guatemala, Santiago, and Popayan produced a total of five different types of silver reales coins, pillar, shield, pillar and waves, milled pillar, and milled bust during Spain's almost 300 years of colonial rule. The information provided should help in the identification of Spanish colonial silver reales coins by coin type, time period, and mint of manufacture.

Coin Types
(Click on pictures to enlarge)

Pillar Type: The very first Spanish colonial silver coin design in the New World. Struck at the Mexico, Santo Domingo, and Lima mints in the time period of 1536 to 1572 - all undated.

Design Characteristics: Hand struck cob typically on a round full-sized planchet. One side has a pair of pillars with or without waves depending on the time period. The other side displays a simple shield with lions and castles in the four quadrants and with a pomegranate wedged in at the very bottom. Click here to view pillar type cobs offered for sale.

Shield Type: The second type of Spanish colonial silver coin design in the New World. Struck at the Mexico, Santo Domingo, Lima, La Plata, Potosi, Panama, Cartagena, and Bogotá mints in the time period of 1572 to 1734. Dates first appeared in 1607 at the Mexico mint.

Design Characteristics: Hand struck cob, typically degrading in quality throughout the period. One side has a crowned multi-element shield representing the lands under Spanish control. The other side displays a cross with lions and castles in the four quadrants. Visit Atocha Coin Design for more information. Click here to view shield type cobs offered for sale.

Pillars and Waves Type: The third type of Spanish colonial silver coin design in the New World. Struck at the Bogotá, Potosi, Cartagena, and Lima mints in the time period of 1651 to 1773 - all with dates.

Design Characteristics: Hand struck cob, typically degrading in quality throughout the time period much like it's predecessor. One side has a pair of pillars with waves and two horizontal lines forming a tic-tac-toe design. The other side displays a cross with lions and castles in the four quadrants. Click here to view pillar and waves type cobs offered for sale.

The coins of Bogotá and Cartagena along with the transition coins of Potosi are slightly different in design, lacking the two horizontal lines forming the tic-tac-toe on the first side and incorporating a simple shield with lions and castles in the four quadrants in place of the cross on the other, as in the earlier pillar type.

Lima coins of 1659 and 1660 also lacked the two horizontal lines forming the tic-tac-toe on the first side, but did not change from the cross design on the other.

Milled Pillar Type: The fourth type of Spanish colonial silver coin design in the New World. Struck at the Mexico, Santiago (very rare), Lima, Guatemala, Bogotá (very rare) and Potosi mints in the time period of 1732 to 1772 - all with dates.

Design Characteristics: Machine struck on a full-sized round planchet. One side has a pair of pillars with waves separated by two overlapping globes crowned with a single crown. The other side displays a simple crowned shield with the typical lions, castles, and pomegranate but also with the centralized addition of three Fleurs-de-Lis. Click here to view milled pillar type coins offered for sale.

Guatemala coins struck between 1733 and 1753 were irregular in shape and thus considered to be cobs.

Milled Bust Type: The fifth and final type of Spanish colonial silver coin design in the New World. Struck at the Mexico, Lima, Bogotá, Guatemala, Potosi, Santiago, Popayan, and Cuzco mints in the time period of 1771 to 1825 - all with dates.

Design Characteristics: Machine struck on a round full-sized planchet. One side displays the bust of the King, the other side a pair of pillars separated by a crowned simple shield with lions, castles, pomegranate and the centralized three Fleurs-de-Lis. Click here to view milled bust type coins offered for sale.

Spanish Colonial Mints

Lightning slots free coins free games. Listed by order in which they opened.

Mexico

(1536-1821)

Mintmark-M or M with small o above. The mint produced the following coin types: Pillar type cob - (1536-1572), shield type cob - (1572-1733), milled pillar - (1732-1771), and milled bust - (1771-1821).
Also produced an irregular shaped machine struck shield type coin (1733-1734)
Mexico never produced the pillars and waves coin design.
The first dated coin was struck in 1607.
Santo
Domingo

(1542-1564)
(1573-1578)

Mintmark-SP or monogram s overlapping the left side of a large D with a small o above. The mint produced the following coins types: Pillar type cob - (1542-1564) rare, shield type cob - (1573-1578) very rare.
Since the mint closed in 1578, none of the later coin types or dated coins were ever produced.
Lima

(1568-1572)
(1577-1588)
(1659-1660)
(1684-1824)

Mintmark-P, or P with star above, or L, or LM, or LIMA, or a slightly overlapped ME. Lima has the distinction of being the only mint to strike all five of the coin types. Pillar type cob - (1568-1571), shield type cob - (1572 and 1577-1588), pillars and waves type cob - (1659-1660 and 1684-1752), milled pillar - (1752-1772), and milled bust - (1772-1824).
The first dated coin was struck in 1659.
La Plata

(1573-1574)

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Mintmark-P. The mint was in operation for a few short months and produced only shield type cobs, which are indistinguishable from those of early Potosi
No dated coins were produced.
Potosi

(1574-1825)

Mintmark-P or later a monogram PTSI which looks similar to a dollar sign ($). The mint opened after the pillar type cob period, thus it is the only coin type not to see production. Shield type cob - (1574-1652), pillars and waves type cob - (1652-1773), milled pillar - (1767-1770), and milled bust - (1773-1825).
The first dated coin was struck in 1617.
Panama

(1580-1582)

Mintmark-AP arranged vertically. The mint was in operation for only a couple of years and produced a limited number of undated shield type cobs - all very rare.
Cartagena

(1622-1655)

Mintmark-S, or RN arranged vertically, or NR arranged vertically, or C. The mint produced the following coin types: Shield type cob - (1622-1635) rare and pillars and waves cob - (1653-1655) also rare.
The first dated coin was struck at the mint opening in 1622.

The Cartegena mint is known more for its gold escudos coin production.

Bogotá

(1622-1820)

Mintmark-S, or NR both vertically or horizontally, or NR with a small o above each arranged both vertically or horizontally, or NR alone or with a single small o above, or N, or SF or FS both vertically or horizontally, or F. The mint produced the following coins types: Shield type cob - (1622-1651) rare, pillars and waves cob - (1651-1748) rare, milled pillar - (1759-1762) very rare, and milled bust - (1772-1820) also rare.
The first dated coin was struck at the mint opening in 1622.

The Bogotá mint is known more for its gold escudos coin production.

Cuzco

(1698)
(1824)

Mintmark-C or CUZ. The mint produced only one type of silver coinage, that being the dated milled bust type in 1824 which incorporated the mintmark CUZ.

Only gold 1 and 2 escudos were minted in 1698 using the pillars and waves design and the mintmark C.

Guatemala

(1733-1821)

Mintmark-G or NG. The mint opened in 1733 when the first machine struck coins were being introduced to the colonies. The mint produced a hand cut pillar type coin (1733-1753) very similar to the later milled pillar coin but irregular in shape like a conventional cob. Minted next was the milled pillar - (1754-1771) followed by the milled bust - (1773-1817).
Santiago

(1749-1817)

Mintmark-S with a small o above. The mint produced two types of coins, a very rare milled pillar - (1751-1770) and a more common milled bust - (1771-1821).

The Santiago mint is known more for its gold escudos coin production.

Popayan

(1758-1822)

Mintmark-P. The mint produced only one type of silver coinage, the rare milled bust - (1810-1822).

The Popayan mint is known more for its gold escudos coin production.

ONLINE COINS CATALOG
See also - Spanish circulation coins

Kingdom of Spain

Spanish Peseta=100 centimos

Juan Carlоs I (1975-2014)


2000 pesetas 1992
silver
Olympic - Tug-of-war
2000 PTAS / XXV OLIMPIADA BARCELONA 1992
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1992
Coin value - $30-35
2000 pesetas 1995
silver
Presidential Council - V.E.
2000 PTAS / PRECIDENCIA CONCEJO U.E.
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1995
Coin value - $20-25
2000 pesetas 1996
silver
250 years since the birth of Francisco de Goya
2000 PTAS / FRN. DE GOYA / 1746 1996
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1996
Coin value - $30-35
2000 pesetas 2001
silver
The last coinage of Pesetas
2000 PTAS / ULTIMA EMISION DE LA PESETA / ESPANA
JUAN CARLOS I Y SOFIA / 2001
Coin value - $25-30
200 pesetas 1992

copper-nickel
Madrid - European Cultural Capital
200 PTAS / MADRID 1992 CAPITAL EUROPEA DE LA CULTURA
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1992
Coin value - $3-5
200 pesetas 1992

copper-nickel
Madrid - European Cultural Capital
200 PTAS / MADRID 1992 CAPITAL EUROPEA DE LA CULTURA
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1992
Coin value - $3-5
200 pesetas 1996

copper-nickel
Fortuny and Balleau painting
200 PESETAS / ESPANA 1996
MAESTROS DE LA PINTURA ESPANIOLA
Coin value - $3-4
200 pesetas 1997

copper-nickel
Nobel's Premium - Jacinto Benavente
200 PESETAS / ESPANA 1997
JACINTO BENAVENTE / PREMIO NOBEL LITERATURA 1922
Coin value - $3-5
100 pesetas 1980

copper-nickel
World Soccer Championship 1982
100 PTAS / ESPANA'82 / 80
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1980
Coin value - $1-2
100 pesetas 1993

aluminum-bronze
European Unity
100 PESETAS / ESPANA / CAMINO DE SANTIAGO
CAMINO DE EUROPA / 1993
Coin value - $1-2
100 pesetas 1994

aluminum-bronze
Prado Museum
100 PTAS
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1994
Coin value - $1-2
100 pesetas 1995

aluminum-bronze
FAO
100 PTAS / FAO
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1995
Coin value - $1-2
100 pesetas 1996

aluminum-bronze
National Library
100 PTAS
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1996
Coin value - $1-2
100 pesetas 1997

aluminum-bronze
Royal Theater
100 PTAS / TEATRO REAL
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1997
Coin value - $1-2
100 pesetas 1999

aluminum-bronze
International Year of Older Persons
100 PTAS / 1999
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1999
Coin value - $1-2
100 pesetas 2001

aluminum-bronze
The last coinage of Pesetas
100 PESETAS / 1869-2001
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 2001
Coin value - $2-3
50 pesetas 1980

copper-nickel
World Soccer Championship 1982
50 PESETAS / ESPANA'82 / 19 80
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1980
Coin value - ~$1
50 pesetas 1990

copper-nickel
EXPO'92
50 PESETAS 1990 / EXPO'92
ESPANA SEVILLA
Coin value - $1-2
50 pesetas 1990

copper-nickel
EXPO'92
50 PESETAS 1990 / EXPO'92
JUAN CARLOS I ESPANA
Coin value - $1-2
50 pesetas 1992

copper-nickel
Olympics Games in Barcelona
50 PTAS / BARCELONA'92
JUAN CARLOS I ESPANA 1992
Coin value - $1-2
50 pesetas 1992

copper-nickel
Olympics Games in Barcelona
50 PTAS / BARCELONA'92
ESPANA 1992
Coin value - $1-2
50 pesetas 1993

copper-nickel
Extremadura
50 PTAS / EXTREMADURA
ESPANA 1993
Coin value - $2-3
50 pesetas 1996

copper-nickel
250 Years - Death of Philip V
50 PTAS / 1996 / FELIPE V
ESPANA
Coin value - $1-2
50 pesetas 1997

copper-nickel
400 Years - Death of Juan de Herrera (architect)
50 PTAS
ESPANA 1997
Coin value - $1-2
25 pesetas 1980

copper-nickel
World Soccer Championship 1982
25 PESETAS / ESPANA'82 / 80
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1980
Coin value - <$1
25 pesetas 1991

aluminum-bronze
Olympics Games in Barcelona
25 PTAS / BARCELONA'92
JUAN CARLOS I ESPANA 1991
Coin value - <$1
25 pesetas 1991

aluminum-bronze
Olympics Games in Barcelona
25 PTAS / BARCELONA'92
ESPANA 1991
Coin value - $1-2
25 pesetas 1992

aluminum-bronze
Golden Tower in Seville
25 PTAS / SEVILLA'92
ESPANA 1992
Coin value - $1-2
25 pesetas 1993

aluminum-bronze
Basque Country
25 PTAS / PAIS VASCO
ESPANA 1993
Coin value - ~$1
25 pesetas 1994

aluminum-bronze
Canarias
Coins25 PTAS / CANARIAS
ESPANA 1994
Coin value - <$1
25 pesetas 1995

aluminum-bronze
Castile and Leon
25 PTAS / CASTILLA Y LEON
ESPANA 1995
Coin value - <$1
25 pesetas 1996

aluminum-bronze
Castile la Mancha
25 PTAS / CASTILLA LA MANCHA
ESPANA 1996
Coin value - <$1
25 pesetas 1997

aluminum-bronze
Melilla
25 PTAS / MELILLA / 1497-1997
ESPANA 1997
Coin value - <$1
25 pesetas 1998

aluminum-bronze
Ceuta
25 PTAS / CEUTA
ESPANA 1998
Coin value - ~$1
10 pesetas 1993

copper-nickel
100 years since the birth of Juan Miro (painter)
10 PTAS / ESPANA 1993
MIRO
Coin value - $2-3
10 pesetas 1997

copper-nickel
Seneca
10 PTAS / 1997
ESPANA / SENECA
Coin value - $1-2
5 pesetas 1980

copper-nickel
World Soccer Championship 1982
5 PESETAS / ESPANA'82 / 80
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1980
Coin value - <$1
5 pesetas 1993

aluminum-bronze
St. Jacob Year
5 PTAS / 1993
ESPANA / JACOBEO'93
Coin value - <$1
5 pesetas 1994

aluminum-bronze
Aragon
5 PTAS / ARAGON
ESPANA 1994
Coin value - <$1
5 pesetas 1995

aluminum-bronze
Asturias
5 PTAS / ASTURIAS
ESPANA 1995
Coin value - <$1
5 pesetas 1996

aluminum-bronze
Rioja
5 PTAS / LA RIOJA
ESPANA 1996
Coin value - <$1
5 pesetas 1997

aluminum-bronze
Baleares Islands
5 PTAS / ISLAS BALEARES
ESPANA 1997 / MENORCA RESERVA DE LA BIOSERRA
Coin value - <$1
5 pesetas 1999

aluminum-bronze
Murcia
5 PTAS / MURCIA
CoinsESPANA 1999
Coin value - <$1
1 peseta 1980

aluminum-bronze
World Soccer Championship 1982
1 PTA / ESPANA'82 / 80
JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1980
Coin value - <$1
50 centimos 1980

aluminum

Spanish Coins 1500


World Soccer Championship 1982
50 CTS / ESPANA'82

Ancient Spanish Coins


JUAN CARLOS I REY DE ESPANA / 1980

Spanish Coins 1400


Former Spanish Coins Crossword

Coin value - ~$1Next - Spanish euro coins